A power transformer is a static electrical equipment, which is used to convert a certain value of alternating voltage (current) into another voltage (current) of the same frequency or several different values.

What are the abnormal working conditions and possible faults of power transformers

(1) abnormal working state of power transformer. The abnormal working state of power transformer mainly includes the overcurrent caused by external short circuit or overload, oil level reduction caused by oil leakage in oil tank, voltage increase at neutral point of transformer, overexcitation caused by high power supply voltage or frequency reduction, etc..

(2) possible faults of power transformers:
1) internal fault refers to all kinds of faults in the transformer oil tank, the main types of which are phase to phase short circuit, turn to turn short circuit, single-phase grounding and other faults.
2) external faults refer to all kinds of faults occurred on the external insulation sleeve and outlet line of transformer oil tank. The main types of faults include flascopic insulation sleeve, single-phase grounding (through the shell) short-circuit due to cracks, and phase faults between the outlet lines, etc.

(3) relay protection to be installed:
1) to guard against various short-circuit faults inside the transformer tank and gas protection with reduced oil level.
2) (longitudinal) differential protection or current current break protection to prevent multi-phase short-circuit of transformer winding and outgoing wire, single-phase grounding short-circuit of large grounding current system side winding and outgoing wire, short-circuit between turns of winding, etc.
3) in order to prevent the external phase short-circuit of transformer, and as gas protection and differential protection (or current current break protection) backup protection of overcurrent protection (or compound voltage start overcurrent protection, or negative sequence overcurrent protection).
4) zero sequence current protection to prevent grounding short circuit of transformer shell in large grounding current system.
5) to protect the transformer from symmetrical overload.
6) overexcitation protection for the defense transformer overexcitation.

Power transformer is the key electrical equipment for power transmission. Due to the large number of transformer, the power consumed by transformer itself is considerable. Therefore, during the use of power transformer, it is necessary to maintain the power transformer regularly to extend its service life.

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